Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yatangaje ku ya 24 Nzeri ko yatangije “232 iperereza” ryerekana niba ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bya Neodymium-fer-boron bihoraho (Neodymium-Iron-boron bihoraho) byangiza umutekano w’igihugu cya Amerika.Nibwo bwa mbere "232 iperereza" ryatangijwe nubuyobozi bwa Biden kuva yatangira imirimo.Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yavuze ko ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bya NdFeB bikoreshwa muri sisitemu zikomeye z’umutekano w’igihugu nk’indege z’intambara na sisitemu zo kuyobora misile, ibikorwa remezo nk’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi na turbine y’umuyaga, ndetse na disiki zikomeye za mudasobwa, ibikoresho by’amajwi, ibikoresho bya magnetiki resonance n'indi mirima.

Muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika Biden yategetse inzego z’ubumwe bwa Leta gukora isuzuma ry’iminsi 100 ry’ibicuruzwa bitangwa n’ibicuruzwa bine byingenzi: imiyoboro ya semiconductor, amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe ku isi, bateri nini zifite ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, n'imiti.Mu bisubizo by’iminsi 100 byashyikirijwe Biden ku ya 8 Kamena, birasabwa ko Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi yo muri Amerika yasuzuma niba hakorwa iperereza kuri magneti ya neodymium hakurikijwe ingingo ya 232 y’itegeko ryagura ubucuruzi mu 1962. Raporo yerekanye ko magnesi ya neodymium ikina uruhare runini muri moteri nibindi bikoresho, kandi ni ingenzi mu kurinda igihugu no gukoresha inganda za gisivili.Nyamara, Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zishingiye cyane kubitumizwa muri iki gicuruzwa cyingenzi.

Isano iri hagati ya neodymium fer boron magnet na moteri

Neodymium icyuma cya boron ikoreshwa muri moteri ihoraho.Moteri isanzwe ihoraho ni: moteri ihoraho ya DC, moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya AC, hamwe na moteri ya DC ihoraho igabanijwemo moteri ya brush DC, moteri idafite amashanyarazi, na moteri ikandagira.Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya AC igabanijwemo moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya rukuruzi, moteri ya magnet servo ihoraho, nibindi, ukurikije uburyo bwo kugenda irashobora kandi kugabanywamo moteri ihoraho ya moteri hamwe na moteri ihoraho.

Ibyiza bya neodymium fer boron magnets

Bitewe nibintu byiza bya magnetiki yibikoresho bya magneti ya neodymium, imirima ya magneti ihoraho irashobora gushirwaho nta mbaraga ziyongera nyuma ya magnetisiyasi.Gukoresha isi idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho aho gukoresha amashanyarazi gakondo ntabwo ari hejuru gusa mubikorwa, ariko kandi byoroshye muburyo, byizewe mubikorwa, bito mubunini n'umucyo muburemere.Ntishobora kugera gusa kumikorere yo hejuru (nka ultra-high efficient, ultra-high umuvuduko, ultra-high reaction yihuta) moteri gakondo ishimisha amashanyarazi ntishobora guhura, ariko kandi irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byihariye byimikorere ya moteri idasanzwe nko gukurura lift. moteri na moteri.Ihuriro rya moteri idasanzwe ya moteri ihoraho hamwe na tekinoroji ya elegitoroniki hamwe na tekinoroji yo kugenzura microcomputer itezimbere imikorere ya magnet rotor ihoraho hamwe na sisitemu yohereza kugeza kurwego rushya.Kubwibyo, kunoza imikorere nurwego rwo gushyigikira ibikoresho bya tekiniki nicyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere ryinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga kugirango zihindure imiterere yinganda.

Ubushinwa nigihugu gifite umusaruro mwinshi wa magneti neodymium.Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, umusaruro rusange wa magneti neodymium mu mwaka wa 2019 ni toni zigera ku 170.000, muri zo Ubushinwa bukora borone ya neodymium boron bugera kuri toni 150.000, bingana na 90%.

Ubushinwa n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi bitanga kandi byohereza ibicuruzwa ku isi bidasanzwe.Ibiciro by'inyongera byashyizweho na Amerika bigomba no gutumizwa mu Bushinwa.Iperereza rero ry’Amerika 232 ntirizagira ingaruka ku nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa.

Byatangajwe na Jessica