Hariho ikibazo gikomeye cyo kuzamuka kwa robo mu gihe kizaza mu musaruro w’ibiribwa mu Burayi, yizera ko banki yo mu Buholandi ING, mu gihe ibigo bishaka kuzamura irushanwa, kuzamura ireme ry’ibicuruzwa no gusubiza ibiciro by’abakozi.

Imibare ya robo ikora mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa yikubye hafi kabiri kuva 2014, nkuko amakuru aheruka gutangwa n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’imashini (IFR) abitangaza.Ubu, imashini zirenga 90.000 zirimo gukoreshwa mu nganda zikora ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa ku isi, gutoragura no gupakira ibiryo cyangwa gushyira ibintu bitandukanye kuri pizza nshya cyangwa salade.Hafi ya 37% muribi biri muri

EU.

Mu gihe amarobo agenda yiyongera cyane mu gukora ibiribwa, kuboneka kwabo kugarukira ku bucuruzi buke, urugero, umwe gusa mu icumi bakora ibiribwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi bakoresha ubu robo.Hariho rero umwanya wo gukura.IFR iteganya ko imashini nshya za robo mu nganda zose zizamuka 6% ku mwaka mu myaka itatu iri imbere.Ivuga ko iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rizatanga amahirwe y’inyongera ku masosiyete yo gushyira mu bikorwa ama robo y’inganda, kandi ko ibiciro by’ibikoresho bya robo byagabanutse.

Isesengura rishya ryakozwe na banki y’Ubuholandi ING rivuga ko, mu gukora ibiribwa by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ubwinshi bw’imashini - cyangwa umubare wa robo ku bakozi 10,000 - bizava ku kigereranyo cya robo 75 ku bakozi 10,000 mu 2020 kugeza 110 muri 2025. Ku bijyanye n’imigabane ikora, iteganya ko umubare wa robo yinganda uzaba hagati ya 45.000 na 55.000.Mugihe robot zikunze kugaragara muri Amerika kuruta muri EU, ibihugu byinshi byu Burayi birata urwego rwo hejuru rwa robo.Urugero, mu Buholandi, aho usanga amafaranga y’umurimo ari menshi, ububiko bwa robo mu biribwa n’ibinyobwa bwahagaze 275 ku bakozi 10,000 mu 2020.

Ikoranabuhanga ryiza, gukenera kuguma mu marushanwa n'umutekano w'abakozi bitera impinduka, hamwe na COVID-19 yihutisha inzira.Inyungu ku masosiyete ni eshatu, nk'uko Thijs Geijer, impuguke mu by'ubukungu yita ku biribwa n'ubuhinzi muri ING yabitangaje.Ubwa mbere, ama robo akora kugirango ashimangire ubushobozi bwisosiyete igabanya ibiciro byumusaruro kuri buri gice.Barashobora kandi kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.Kurugero, habaho kwivanga kwabantu bityo ibyago bike byo kwanduzwa.Icya gatatu, barashobora kugabanya umubare wimirimo isubirwamo cyangwa isaba umubiri.Ati: "Ubusanzwe, imirimo ibigo bifite ibibazo byo gukurura no kugumana abakozi".

Imashini zikora ibirenze gukora udusanduku

Birashoboka ko imbaraga nini za robo zizatanga imirimo myinshi, wongeyeho ING.

Imashini za robo zabanje kugaragara mugitangiriro no kurangiza umurongo wibyakozwe, zuzuza imirimo yoroshye nka (de) palletising ibikoresho byo gupakira cyangwa ibicuruzwa byarangiye.Iterambere muri software, ubwenge bwubuhanga hamwe na sensor- hamwe niyerekwa-tekinoroji noneho ituma robot ikora imirimo igoye.

Imashini nazo ziragenda zimenyekana ahandi murwego rwo gutanga ibiryo

Ubwiyongere bwa robo mu nganda zibiribwa ntabwo bugarukira gusa kuri robo yinganda mu gukora ibiribwa.Nk’uko imibare ya IFR ibigaragaza, mu mwaka wa 2020 hagurishijwe amarobo arenga 7000 y’ubuhinzi, yiyongeraho 3% ugereranije na 2019. Mu buhinzi, amata y’amata ni cyo cyiciro kinini ariko igice cy’inka zose ku isi zonsa muri ubu buryo.Byongeye kandi, hari ibikorwa bigenda byiyongera hafi ya robo zishobora gusarura imbuto cyangwa imboga byoroshya ingorane zo gukurura imirimo yigihe.Hasi yimbere murwego rwo gutanga ibiryo, robot zikoreshwa cyane mubigo bikwirakwiza nkibinyabiziga byayobowe na moteri bikurikirana udusanduku cyangwa pallet, hamwe na robo ikusanya ibiribwa kugirango bigemurwe murugo.Imashini za robo nazo zigaragara muri resitora (yihuta-ibiryo) kugirango zuzuze imirimo nko gufata amabwiriza cyangwa guteka ibyokurya byoroshye.

Ibiciro bizakomeza kuba ikibazo

Amafaranga yo gushyira mu bikorwa azakomeza kuba ingorabahizi ariko, banki ivuga ko.Irateganya rero kubona byinshi byera-gutoragura imishinga mubakora.Geijer yasobanuye ko ikiguzi gishobora kuba inzitizi ikomeye ku masosiyete y'ibiribwa ashaka gushora imari muri robo, kuko ibiciro byose birimo ibikoresho, porogaramu ndetse no kuyitunganya, nk'uko byasobanuwe na Geijer.

Ati: "Ibiciro birashobora gutandukana cyane, ariko robot kabuhariwe irashobora kugura byoroshye € 150.000".Ati: “Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma abakora robot na bo bareba muri robo nka serivisi, cyangwa imishahara-yo-gukoresha-moderi kugira ngo irusheho kuboneka.Nubwo bimeze bityo, uzahora ufite inganda nkeya mubipimo byibiribwa ugereranije nibinyabiziga urugero.Mu biryo ufite ibigo byinshi bigura ama robo abiri, mu modoka ni ibigo bibiri bigura ama robo menshi. ”

ING yongeyeho ko abakora ibiryo babona uburyo bushoboka bwo gukoresha robot kumurongo wabo utanga umusaruro.Ariko ugereranije no gushaka abakozi b'inyongera, imishinga ya robo isaba ishoramari rinini imbere kugirango tunoze intera mugihe.Irateganya kubona abakora ibiryo bashora imari-ishoramari bafite igihe cyo kwishyura byihuse cyangwa bifasha gukemura inzitizi nini mubikorwa byabo.Yabisobanuye igira iti: "Icya nyuma gisaba igihe kirekire cyo kuyobora no gukorana cyane n'abatanga ibikoresho".Ati: “Kubera ko abantu benshi basaba igishoro, urwego rwo hejuru rw’imodoka rusaba inganda zitanga umusaruro gukora ku buryo buhoraho kugira ngo zigaruke neza ku giciro cyagenwe.”

​

Byahinduwe na Lisa